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๐ŸŒ [Network] TCP/IP Model - Data Link Layer ๐ŸŒ

๐ŸŒ Ethernet

์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์œ ์„  LAN ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ด๋”๋„ท(Ethernet)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ Physical Layer์™€ Data Link Layer์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด Physical Layer์— ์ด๋”๋„ท ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  Data Link Layer์—์„œ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›๋Š” Frame์€ Ethernet Frame์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์‹์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” LAN ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ Ethernet์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ˜•์‹์˜ Frame์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ Ethernet์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์„ Ethernet ํ‘œ์ค€์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ (Ethernet) Frame

Headerย 
Preambleโ€ข Preamble์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ž๋Š” Frame์ด ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ
โ€ข Frame์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” $8$ Byte ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ •๋ณด(10101010 $\times\ 7$ / 10101011)
MAC Addressโ€ข ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์ฃผ์†Œ๋กœ์จ Network Interface๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ถ€์—ฌ(๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Œ)
โ€ข NIC(Network Interface Controller)๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด MAC Address๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ
Type/Lengthโ€ข Length: Field Value $\le 1500$
โ€ข Type: Field Value $\ge 1536$ (์ƒ์œ„ ๊ณ„์ธต์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์ด ๋ช…์‹œ)
Payloadย 
Dataโ€ข ์ƒ์œ„ ๊ณ„์ธต์—์„œ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์œ„ ๊ณ„์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ
โ€ข ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ $46$ Byte ์ด์ƒ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ($46$ Byte ์ดํ•˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Padding)
Trailerย 
FCS
(Frame Check Sequence)
โ€ข ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•œ Frame์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ•„๋“œ
โ€ข ํ•„๋“œ์—๋Š” CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check; ์ˆœํ™˜ ์ค‘๋ณต ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ) ๊ฐ’์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ
โ€ข ์†ก์‹ ์ง€: Preamble๊ณผ FCS๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•„๋“œ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ CRC ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ช…์‹œ
โ€ข ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ง€: Preamble๊ณผ FCS๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•„๋“œ ๊ฐ’๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ CRC ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ํ›„ ์†ก์‹ ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ช…์‹œํ•œ CRC ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด Frame ํ๊ธฐ

๐ŸŒ Protocol

๐ŸŒ CSMA/CD Protocol

CSMA/CD Protocol์€ Physical Layer์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„(Hub)๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ธ Collision์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” Data Link Layer์˜ Protocol์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

CSMA/CDDefinition
CS(Carrier Sence)๋ฐ˜์†กํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์†ก์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ
MA(Multiple Access)๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ Host๊ฐ€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ์ ‘์†ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ
CD(Collision Detection)Host๊ฐ€ Collision์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ „์†ก์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜๊ณ , Collision์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•œ Host๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ Host์—๊ฒŒ Jam Signal์„ ๋ณด๋ƒ„
  • ๋ฐ˜์†กํŒŒ: ํ†ต์‹  ๋งค์ฒด์ƒ์—์„œ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ
  • Jam Signal: ๋‹ค๋ฅธ Host์—๊ฒŒ Collision์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ

CSMA/CD Protocol์€ 3๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ Collision์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. Host๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์†ก์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ
  2. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ Host๊ฐ€ ์ „์†ก ์ค‘์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „์†ก
  3. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ Host๊ฐ€ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜์—ฌ Collision์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž„์˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋งŒํผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐํ•œ ํ›„์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ „์†ก

๐ŸŒ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„

Data Link Layer์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์†Œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Data Link Layer์˜ ์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์€ ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ์ง€๋ฅผ ํŠน์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์ž‘๊ณผ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Data Link Layer์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ•น๏ธ NIC(Network Interface Controller)
๐Ÿ–ฒ๏ธ (L2) Switch
๐Ÿ›œ AP(Access Point)

๐ŸŒ NIC

Card ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ NIC / ๋งˆ๋”๋ณด๋“œ์— ๋‚ด์žฅ๋œ NIC / USB๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ NIC

NIC(Network Interface Controller)๋Š” Host์™€ ์œ ๋ฌด์„  ํ†ต์‹  ๋งค์ฒด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ†ต์‹  ๋งค์ฒด์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ โ†”๏ธ Frame ๋ณ€ํ™˜์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ Host๋Š” NIC๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํ‚น์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ NIC๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ Host๋ฅผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ H/W๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ (L2) Switch

Switch๋Š” ์ „์ด์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋“œ(Full Duplex)๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Switch๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด Port ๋ณ„๋กœ Collision Domain์ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ง€๊ณ  CSMA/CD Protocol์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ CSMA/CD Protocol์˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ Ethernet Network ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ „์ด์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋“œ(Full Duplex): ์†ก์ˆ˜์‹ ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ†ต์‹  ๋ฐฉ์‹(๐Ÿ†š Half Duplex)

Switch์˜ ํŠน์ง•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠน์ง•์ •์˜
MAC Address LearningํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ Host์˜ MAC Address๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดํ›„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” Host์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ Frame์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ
VLAN(Virtual LAN)ํ•œ ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  Switch๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋Œ€์˜ Switch๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ LAN์„ ๊ตฌํšํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ

๐ŸŒ MAC Address Learning

MAC Address Learning์€ ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ Host์˜ MAC Address๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดํ›„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” Host์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ Frame์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

MAC Address Learningย 
MAC Address TableSwitch๋Š” MAC Address Learning์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ์™€ ํ•ด๋‹น ํฌํŠธ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ Host์˜ MAC Address ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์— table ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ
Flooding์ˆ˜์‹ ์ง€ Host๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋Š ํฌํŠธ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†ก์‹ ์ง€ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํฌํŠธ๋กœ Frame์„ ์ „์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ
FilteringSwitch๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฐ›์€ Frame์„ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์„์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ
ForwardingFrame์ด ์ „์†ก๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” Port์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ Frame์„ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ
AgingMAC Address Table์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ํŠน์ • ํฌํŠธ์—์„œ ์ผ์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ Frame์„ ์ „์†ก ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ํฌํŠธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ Table ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œ

๐ŸŒ VLAN(Virtual LAN)

VLAN์€ ํ•œ ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  Switch๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋Œ€์˜ Switch๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ LAN์„ ๊ตฌํšํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ตณ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ LAN์— ์†ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” Host๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ VLAN์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ VLAN์— ์†ํ•œ Host๋ผ๋ฆฌ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” Data Link Layer๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์œ„ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฆ‰, VLAN์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋˜๋ฉด Broadcast Domain๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

VLAN ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” Port Based VLAN๊ณผ MAC Based VLAN์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ Port Based VLAN

Port Based VLAN์€ Switch์˜ ํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ VLAN์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํฌํŠธ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ Host์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ Port Based VLAN์—์„œ๋Š” VLAN Trunking์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

VLAN Trunking์€ ๋‘ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ VLAN Switch๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด Switch ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํฌํŠธ์ธ Trunk Port(Tagged Port)์— VLAN Switch๋ฅผ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ Switch๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Trunk Port๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฐ›์€ Frame์ด ์–ด๋–ค VLAN์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ Frame์—์„œ ํ™•์žฅ๋œ Frame์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ MAC Based VLAN

MAC Based VLAN์€ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์„ค์ •๋œ MAC Address์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ VLAN์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ AP(Access Point)

AP๋Š” ๋ฌด์„  ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌด์„  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

AP๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์‹ ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌด์„  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํ†ต์‹  ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ Infrastructure Mode๋ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด์„  LAN์ด AP๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” Infrastructure Mode๋กœ ๋™์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

AP์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์žฅ์น˜๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์„  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด ๋•Œ AP๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ Service Set์ด๋ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ Service Set์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ SSID(Service Set IDentifier)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ํžˆ Wi-Fi ์ด๋ฆ„์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฌด์„  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Wi-Fi ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ SSID๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ Wi-Fi๋“ค์„ Host๊ฐ€ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” AP๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•˜๋Š” Beacon Frame์„ Host๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Beacon Frame: ๋ถˆํŠน์ • ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Broadcast ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€(SSID, AP์˜ MAC Address ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ)

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